Introduction to Medical Technology with Science, Technology and Society (STS)

UNIVERSIDAD DE ZAMBOANGA
SCHOOL OF ALLIED MEDICINE
Medical Technology Department

COURSE SYLLABUS

HISTOLOGY
S.Y. 2009-2010 (First Semester)

Course Description : This course deals with the study of the
fundamentals of cells, tissues and organs with emphasis on
microscopic structure, characteristics and functions.
Course Credit : 2 units (1 unit lecture and 1 unit laboratory)
Contact Hours : 1 hour lecture and 3 hours laboratory per week
Total of 18 hours lecture and 54 hours laboratory per
Semester
Prerequisite : Human Anatomy and Physiology
Placement : Third Year, First Semester
Course Objectives : At the end of the course, the students must be able to;
1. explain the fundamentals of cells and tissues;
2. explain the different characteristics and functions of the microscopic structure of human cells, tissues and organs;
3. recognize the morphologic/microscopic features of different groups of cells;
4. explain the cellular functions of organelles and their functional interrelationship;
5. manifest the following values: integrity, critical thinking, honesty, creativity and concern for others.
Teaching Methodology: Brain Storming, Demonstration, Group Discussion, Lecture
Course Outline
PRE-MID
Contact Hours: 4 hours lecture: 14 hours laboratory
I. Introduction/Orientation
• Definition of Terms
• Significance of Histology to the Med. Tech. Profession

II. The Cell
• Function and Structure
• Cell Physiology
• Cell Division
III. Epithelial Cells
• Forms and Characteristics
• Nomenclature and Specialization
• General Biology
MID TERM
Contact Hours: 5 hours lecture: 14 hours laboratory
I. Connective Tissue
• Composition
• Types
• Histophysiology
II. Adipose
III. Cartilage
IV. Bone
• Cells
• Types
• Histophysiology
V. Nervous Tissue
• Cells
• Cells
• Histophysiology
VI. Muscular Tissue
• Skeletal
• Smooth
• Cardiac
PRE-FINAL
Contact Hours: 4 hours lecture: 14 hours laboratory
I. Circulatory System
• Blood Vessels: Morphology: Characteristics
• Formed Elements of Blood
II. Integumentary System
• Skin: Structure: Functions
III. Lymphatic System
• Structure and Cells
FINAL
Contact Hours: 5 hours lecture: 14 hours laboratory

I. Respiratory System
• Upper
• Lower
II. Digestive System
• Structure, Parts and Functions
III. Excretory System
• Structure, Parts and Functions
IV. Reproductive System
• Male
• Female
LABORATORY EXERCISES: Microscopic Examination of;
1. Epithelial tissues: Simple and Stratified
2. Connective Tissue
3. Adipose Tissue Cells
4. Cartilage
5. Bone Cells
6. Nerve Cells
7. Muscle Cells: Smooth, Cardiac and Skeletal
8. Circulatory System: Blood Cells, Arteries, Veins
9. Skin
10. Lymphatic System Lymphocytes, Peyer’s Patches, Thymus, Spleen, Tonsil
11. Respiratory System: Upper and Lower
12. Digestive Tract: Stomach, Small Intestine, Liver
13. Excretory System: Kidney
14. Reproductive System: Male (testis) Female (Ovary, Uterus)

REFERENCES: Ross, Michael (1989). Histology and Text and Atlas. Williams and
Wilkins Publishing Company. USA
Klein, Robert (1999). Histology and Cell Biology. Mc Graw Hill. New
York



UNIVERSIDAD DE ZAMBOANGA
SCHOOL OF ALLIED MEDICINE
Medical Technology Department

COURSE SYLLABUS

GENERAL PATHOLOGY, HISTOPATHOLOGIC AND CYTOLOGIC TECHNIQUES
S.Y. 2009-2010 (First Semester)

Course Description : This is divided into three. The first part deals with
the study of basic disease processes, correlating the etiology of disease with the course of development of anatomic and clinical changes brought about by the disease. The second part is a study of the histologic techniques essential in the production of histologic slides for the diagnosis of diseases including special staining procedures. The third part is the study and identification of cells in the diagnosis of diseases using cytologic technique.

Course Credit : 3 units (2 units lecture and 1 unit laboratory)
Contact Hours : 1 hour lecture and 3 hours laboratory per week
Total of 36 hours lecture and 54 hours laboratory per
semester
Prerequisite : Histology
Placement : Fourth Year, First Semester
Course Objectives : At the end of the course, the students should be able to;
1. discuss the basic concept of disease formation;
2. explain the physiologic changes brought about by
the various diseases;
3. discuss step by step procedure in tissue
preparation;
4. recognize the concepts of quality assurance
program in Histopathology laboratory;
5. Acquire the necessary skills required in the
preparation of slides for microscopic
examination of tissues from fresh state to
mounted state.
6. apply the knowledge acquired about diseases in
daily living;
7. manifest the following values: honesty, critical
thinking, empathy and value for life.

Teaching Methodology: Brain Storming, Demonstration, Group Discussion, Lecture

Course Outline
PRE-MID
Contact Hours: 9 hours lecture: 14 hours laboratory
I. Review : Fundamentals of Normal Histology
• Normal cell structure
• Cell in tissues, types and sub-types of tissues and their location
• Cellular adaptation: terminologies (atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, dysplasia, hypoplasia, agenesis etc.

II. Introduction to Pathology
• Definition of terms (pathology, pathogenesis, pathologist, medical technologist, autopsy, biopsy etc.)
• Divisions of p\Pathology
Gross and Microscopic Pathology
Anatomic Pathology
Clinical Pathology
• Nature of Diseases
Definition of terms (disease, health etiology etc.)
Describe manifestation of disease
Signs
Symptoms
Course of Disease
• Factors predisposing an individual to disease
Definition of terms (disease, health etiology etc.)
III. Etiology of Disease
• Classification of diseases according to the basic etiologic mechanisms, their features and laboratory findings
Hereditary disorders and congenital anomalies
Circulatory disorders
Metabolic disorders and disturbance
Deficiency diseases
Disorders of the immune system
Neoplasms
Disorders caused by air pollution, chemical and physical injuries
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
MID TERM
Contact Hours: 9 hours lecture: 13 hours laboratory
Routine Histotechniques
• Collection and Handling of Histological Specimens
• Steps in tissue processing
 Fixation
-definition
-good characteristics of fixative agents
-components of fixative agents
-steps in fixation
-uses of fixative agents
 Decalcification
-definition
-good characteristics of decalcifying agents
-components of decalcifying agents
-steps in decalcification
-uses of decalcifying agents
 Dehydration
-definition
-good characteristics of dehydrating agents
-components of dehydrating agents
-steps in dehydration
-uses of dehydrating agents

PRE FINAL TERM
Contact Hours: 9 hours lecture: 14 hours laboratory
Routine Histotechniques
Steps in tissue processing
 Clearing
-definition
-good characteristics of clearing agents
-components of clearing agents
-steps in clearing tissues
-uses of clearing agents
 Impregnation
-definition
-good characteristics
-components
-steps in impregnation
-uses
 Embedding
-definition
-good characteristics
-components
-steps
-uses
 Trimming and Cutting of Tissue Sections
-definition
-good characteristics
-steps

FINAL TERM
Contact Hours: 9 hours lecture: 13 hours laboratory
Routine Histotechniques
Steps in tissue processing
 Mounting of tissue sections

 Staining
-definition
-good characteristics
-components
-steps
-uses
 Difficulties encountered during tissue processing and the corresponding remedies
 Special processing techniques
-Rapid processing techniques
-Preparation of bone marrow section
-Enzyme histo
 Exfoliative cytology
-Definition of terms
-Collection of specimens
-Preparation, fixation, staining of smears
-vaginal cytology
LABORATORY EXERCISES;
1. Laboratory safety
2. Instrumentation
3. Paper Mold Making
4. Sharpening of Knife
5. General Procedure for Tissue Processing
6. Trimming
7. Rotary Microtome
8. Adhesive Preparation
9. Section Cutting
10. Staining of Sections
11. Mounting
12. Labeling
13. Pap’s Staining

REFERENCES: Gregorios, J. (2006). Histopathologic Techniques, 2nd Ed.Goodwill
Trading Co.,Inc. Philippines
Raphael, S. Lynch’s Medical Laboratory Technology, 4th Ed. MW
Publishing Inc. USA



UNIVERSIDAD DE ZAMBOANGA
SCHOOL OF ALLIED MEDICINE
Medical Technology Department

COURSE SYLLABUS

PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES OF TEACHING IN HEALTH EDUCATION
S.Y. 2009-2010 (First Semester)

Course Description : This course deals with the principles and
teaching/learning strategies in health education including adult learning, the roles of a teacher/medical technologist in different settings. It also includes strategies that enhance critical, clinical laboratory teaching, assessing and evaluating learning.

Course Credit : 3 units lecture (no laboratory)

Contact Hours : 3 hours per week
Total of 54 hours per semester

Prerequisite : Health Care

Placement : Fourth Year, First Semester

Course Objectives : At the end of the course, the students should be able to;
1. explain teaching/learning processes;
2. relate the learning experiences in the practice of
the profession;
3. internalize the values in different roles;
4. apply principles, methods and strategies in
different settings;
5. prepare a sample course syllabus;
6. recognize the values of traditional teaching
activity-based teaching, distance learning
teaching psychomotor skills;
7. assess critical thinking and clinical laboratory
Teaching;
8. evaluate learning.

Teaching Methodology: Brain Storming, Demonstration, Group Discussion, Lecture

Course Outline
PRE-MID
Contact Hours: 14 hours lecture
I. Introduction
1. Teaching and Learning Process
• Teaching
• Learning
Learning Theories
a. Classical Conditioning
b. Operant Conditioning
c. Social Conditioning
2. The “How” of Teaching
a. Strategies
b. Approach
c. Technique
d. Method
3. Teaching Approaches
a. Discovery
b. Conceptual
c. Process
d. Unified
4. Instructional Media
5. Health Education
II. Roles, Functions and Characteristics of a Health Professional in Education
The Teacher
a. Characteristics of a Good Teacher
b. Professional Competence
c. Interpersonal Relationship
d. Teaching/Evaluation Practices
e. The Teacher/Medical Technologist and his/her Roles in Guidance
f. As a Motivator
1. Ways to motivate the learners
2. Medical Technologist in the Community
III. Principles of Teaching and Learning
Teaching as a Process
a. As a Process or a “Giving Off Process”
b. As involving More of the Learner than a Teacher
c. As a System of Actions and Interactions
d. As an Adjunctive Act
e. As Providing the Learner with Basic Tools of Learning
f. As Inherently a Humane Activity
g. As Structuring the Learning Environment
h. As an Inquiry Process
i. As a Complex
j. As a Science and as an Art
k. Teaching Applying the Principles of other Significantly Related Disciplines
MID TERM
Contact Hours: 13 hours lecture
I. Learning Theories and Styles
1. Behavioral Theories
2. Cognitive Learning Theories
3. Social Cognitive Theory
4. Types of Learning
a. Signal Learning
b. Stimulus Response Learning
c. Chaining
d. Verbal Association
e. Discrimination Learning
f. Concept Learning
g. Rule Learning
h. Problem Solving
5. Learning Styles
a. Learning Style Models
-Kolb’s Theory of Experimental Learning
-Gregore Cognitive Styles Models
-Field Independence
-Dependence Model
b. Matching Learning Styles
II. Adult Learning
1. A Model of Adult Learning
2. Comparison of Pedagogy from Andradogy
3. Propositions of Learning
4. Gagne’s Condition of Learning
III. Planning and Conducting Classes
1. Planning Sequence
2. Course Syllabus
a. Primary Purpose
b. Functions
c. Developing a Course Outline/Syllabus
d. Formulation of Objectives: Types and Characteristics
e. Determination of Strategies/Methods to be used
f. Selection of Appropriate Instructional Materials
g. Determination of Time Allotment
h. Evaluation of Student Performance
i. Taxonomy of Objectives
1. Cognitive Domain
2. Affective Domain
3. Psychomotor Domain
j. Selecting and Organizing Content
k. Planning Assignments
l. Conducting a Class

PRE-FINAL
Contact Hours: 14 hours lecture
I. Teaching Strategies
a. Traditional Teaching
• Lecture Method
• Integrated Method
-Lecture/Discussion
-Lecture/Demonstration
-Demonstration/Return Demonstration
• Questioning Method
• Use of Audio-Visuals
• Interactive Lecture (Class Discussion)
• Film Showing Method
• Reporting Method/Discussion/Report Back Session
b. Other Common Teaching Methods
• Case Study Method
• Role Playing Method
• Buzz Session
• Debate Forum
• Panel Forum/Round Table Conference
• Symposium/Seminar/Workshop
• Deductive/Inductive
c. Activity-Based Teaching Strategies
• Cooperative Learning
• Simulations
• Problem Based Learning
• Self-Learning Modules
d. Computer Teaching Strategies
• Computer Technology and Learning
• Computer Assisted Instruction
• Computer Managed Instruction
• The Internet
II. Distance Learning
a. Advantages and Disadvantages of Distance Learning
b. Clinical Education in Distance Learning
c. Interactive Television Classes
d. Distance Learning via the Internet
III. Teaching Psychomotor and Promoting/ Assessing Critical Thinking
a. History of Teaching Psychomotor skills
b. Psychomotor Skills
-Phases of Skill Learning
-Promoting and Assessing Critical Thinking
c. Learning Psychomotor Skills
d. Teaching Skills
e. Assessment of Psychomotor Skill Learning
FINAL
Contact Hours: 13 hours lecture
I. Promoting and Assessing Critical Thinking
a. Aspects of Critical Thinking
b. Distinguishing Critical Thinking fro Other Technology Concepts
c. Ways we inhibit the Critical Thinking of Medical Technology Students
II. Strategies that Enhance Critical Thinking
a. Discussion
b. Asking Effective Questions
c. Test Interaction
d. Problem-Based Learning
e. Concept Mapping
f. Positive Learning Environment
g. Assessing Critical Thinking
III. Clinical Teaching
a. Purposes of Clinical Laboratory
b. Models of Clinical Teaching
c. Preparation for Clinical Instruction
d. Conducting a Clinical Laboratory Session
e. Evaluating Learner Progress
f. Clinical Laboratory Evaluation Tools
IV. Assessing and Evaluating Learning
a. Test Blueprint
b. Multiple-Choice Questions
c. True-False Questions
d. Essay-Type Questions
e. Test Item Analysis
f. Item Discrimination


GRADING SYSTEM: Major Exam. - 60%
Quizzes/Requirements - 40%
100%

REFERENCES:
Bustos, A. et al (1996). Psychological, Anthropological and
Sociological Foundations of Education, Revised Ed. II. Katha
Publishing Co. Inc., Philippines
De Young, Sandra (2002). Teaching Strategies for Nurse Educators.
Pearson, South Asia. New Jersey
Salandanan, Gloria (2008), Teaching Approaches and Strategies.
Revised Ed. Katha Publishing Co. Inc., Philippines
Larzabal, Amparo (1999). Theory and Practice in Student Teaching.
Katha Publishing Co. Inc., Philippines


UNIVERSIDAD DE ZAMBOANGA
SCHOOL OF ALLIED MEDICINE
Medical Technology Department

COURSE SYLLABUS

Introduction to Medical Technology with Science, Technology and Society (STS)
S.Y. 2009-2010 (First Semester)

Course Description : This course is designed to introduce students to the
major disciplines (Hematology, Histopathology, Microbiology, Clinical Chemistry, Blood Banking etc.) in the Medical Technology profession. In addition, students are introduced to the structure of clinical laboratory and pathology services and an examination of the roles and functions of Medical Technologist. Students are acquainted with professional practice issues including ethical practices in medical technology and laboratory-based research and an introduction to environmental and occupational health and safety issues affecting laboratory practices. The course includes discussion on the historical foundations of the profession, its impact to society and its contribution to other medical sciences.

Course Credit : 3 units lecture (no laboratory)

Contact Hours : 3 hours per week
Total of 54 hours per semester

Prerequisite : None

Placement : First Year, First Semester

Course Objectives : At the end of the course, the students should be able to;
1. identify the specific duties a Medical
Technologist performs in a clinical laboratory as
well as other fields;
2. describe the organization, function and the nature
of the working environment of Medical
Technologist;
3. realize the role of Medical Technologist in the
diagnosis, treatment and management of diseases
and the impact of the profession to the society in
general;
4. recognize the importance of the Medical
Technology profession in the delivery of health
care services;
5. integrate the scientific ethics and humanistic
values when dealing with application of concept
of the course in every day life;
6. manifest the values of: honesty, critical thinking, empathy and value for life.

Teaching Methodology: Brain Storming, Demonstration, Group Discussion, Lecture




Course Outline

PRE-MID
Contact Hours: 14 hours lecture
I. Introduction
1. Orientation of the Course
• Definition of Medical Technology
• History of the Medical Technology Profession Here and Abroad
a. Early Beginnings
b. Modern Era
c. Future Trends
2. Medical Technology in the Philippines: Problems, Resources and Needs
II. An Introduction to Laboratory Management

• Laboratory Safety
• Professional Ethics of Medical Technologist
• Current Issues in the Medical Technology Profession
-Medical Engineering
a. Clinical laboratory Instrumentation
b. Laboratory Information System
• Demands for health services in the Philippine setting
• Demands for laboratory and related services in the Philippines
• Profile of laboratories and related facilities (i.e. drug testing centers, blood collection units, etc.) in the Philippines
• Future direction and predicted demands for laboratory services in the Philippines scenario
III. Laboratory Organization
• The Head Pathologist
• The Chief Medical Technologist
• The Section Head
• The Senior Medical Technologist
• The Junior Medical Technologist
• The Medical Technicians
IV. Professionals within the Clinical Laboratory
• Clinical Laboratory Practitioners
• Other Laboratory Practitioners
-Phlebotomist
-Cytotechnologist and Histotechnologist
V. Employment Opportunities for Medical Technologists
• Traditional Roles/Career Opportunities
• Nontraditional Roles/Career Opportunities

Profile of laboratories and related facilities (i.e. drug testing centers,

MID TERM
Contact Hours: 13 hours lecture
I. Licensure Examinations for Medical Technologist
• Local Examinations
• Foreign Examinations
II. Professional Organizations
• PAMET
• PASMETH and other related organizations

III. Future Opportunities and Challenges of the Medical Technology Profession
IV. The Clinical Laboratory
• Definition
• Classifications
• Overview of the different sections of the laboratory and their services
-Clinical Chemistry
-Hematology
-Blood Bank and Transfusion Services
-Microbiology
-Clinical Microscopy
-Histopathology and Anatomic Pathology
-Immunology and Serology
PRE-FINAL TERM
Contact Hours: 14 hours lecture
I. An Introduction to Laboratory Management
• Laboratory Safety
• Professional Ethics of Medical Technologist
• Current Issues in the Medical Technology Profession
II. Genetic Engineering
• Pre-natal Diagnosis
• Genetic Screening
• In vitro Fertilization
• Sperm Prediction and Selection
• Organ Transplantation
• Cloning
FINAL TERM
Contact Hours: 13 hours lecture
I. The Allied Health Professions and Its Moral Implication
• Contraception
• Euthanasia
• Stem Cell Research
II. Occupational Risks in the Medical Technology Profession
• Blood Borne Diseases
• Needle Stick and Related Injuries
• Stem Cell Research
III. Laboratories and Environment
• Characteristics of Laboratory Wastes
• Potential Hazards of Laboratory Wastes
• Proper Disposal of Laboratory Wastes
IV. Diseases of the 21st Century
• HIV and AIDS
• SARS
• Avian Flu


GRADING SYSTEM: Major Exam. - 60%
Quizzes/Requirements - 40%
100%

REFERENCES:
Fallorin, C. (1999). Medical Technology Profession in the Philippines
De Young, Sandra (2002). Teaching Strategies for Nurse Educators.
Avelino, M. (2003). Worktext in Science, Technology and Society.
Rabor, R. (2005). Medical Technology Laws and Ethics. Philippines